Depends on who you ask
Discounting is a ubiquitous strategy in B2B sales, often seen as a straightforward way to close deals faster or gain a competitive edge. But is more discounting always beneficial? When viewed through the lenses of sales, finance, customers, and product P&L owners, the story becomes much more complex. While discounts can drive short-term wins, they often come with hidden costs that can distort revenue targets, undermine long-term profitability and may impact customer perception about your products.
Discounting from multiple lens
The sales lens
For sales teams, discounts are often seen as a lever to accelerate deal velocity and meet quarterly quotas. However, unchecked discounting can lead to a "race to the bottom," eroding the perceived value of products and setting dangerous precedents with customers. Furthermore, excessive reliance on discounts can mask underlying issues in sales processes or product positioning.
The finance lens
From a finance perspective, discounts directly impact revenue and margin goals. While sales teams may focus on bookings, finance teams are concerned with reportable revenue adjustments under financial accounting standards (ASC606) and its alignment with overall financial health. Excessive discounting can lead to misaligned revenue allocations and jeopardize margin targets, creating friction between sales and finance.
The customer lens
Customers often interpret discounts as indicators of product value. Frequent or steep discounts can ultimately erode trust, leading customers to question the initial pricing. Moreover, over-discounting risks creating an expectation of perpetual price cuts, making it harder to maintain price integrity over time.
The product P&L owner lens
For product managers and P&L owners, discounts can distort profitability calculations. Aggressive discounting can skew the perceived success of a product, impacting future investments and product lifecycle strategies. It also places pressure on maintaining competitive pricing while covering fixed and variable costs. In complex offerings that include multiple product or service lines, uneven discounts adversely affect every product's P&L.
Considerations to control rogue discounts
Unchecked or "rogue" discounts, especially those given outside strategy-driven limits, can have far-reaching consequences. To mitigate these risks, organizations should consider:
- Establishing discount governance: Implement clear policies and approval workflows to ensure discounts align with strategic goals.
- Aligning incentives: Tie sales commissions and bonuses to metrics that include profitability, not just bookings.
- Using analytics: Leverage data-driven tools to evaluate the impact of discounts on deal profitability and customer lifetime value.
- Training sales teams: Equip sellers with the knowledge and tools to negotiate value-based deals instead of relying on discounts.
How discounting distorts revenue targets
Discounting often creates a ripple effect that distorts key revenue metrics:
- Bookings vs. reportable revenue: Discounts may help bookings numbers but sometimes may introduce surprises in actual revenue numbers recognized.
- Revenue vs. margin goals: Deep discounts can cannibalize margins, making it harder for the business to meet profitability targets.
- Incentive misalignment: Sales teams focused solely on bookings may overuse discounts without considering their broader financial impact.
Balancing discounting with strategic goals
To use discounts effectively, organizations need a balanced approach:
- Value-based pricing: Anchor pricing to the value delivered, rather than defaulting to discounts.
- Customer segmentation: Offer tailored pricing strategies based on customer profiles and behaviors.
- Scenario modeling: Use advanced analytics to simulate the impact of discounts on revenue, margins, and customer lifetime value.
- Collaborative decision-making: Foster alignment between sales, finance, and product teams to ensure discounts serve broader corporate objectives.
Conclusion
Discounting can be a powerful tool when used strategically, but indiscriminate use can undermine revenue, profitability, and customer trust. By examining discounting through multiple perspectives and implementing robust controls, businesses can ensure their pricing strategies drive sustainable growth rather than short-term gains at long-term expense. The question isn’t whether to discount, but when and how to discount wisely.